DERIVATIVE

Derivative adalah kata jadian yang berasal dari kata asal ditambah awalan (prefix) dan /atau akhiran (suffix).

Formulaton of derivational word:

1.prefix + Stem

• Unfair,misinform,dislike,non-active,deforest,overeat,undercook

2.Prefix + Derivative

• Reorganization,deforestation,misinformation,cooperation

3.Stem + Suffix

• Driver,beautiful,freedom,childhood,government,activity.

4.Derivative + Suffix

• Organization,Organizatonal,nationalize,nationality.

5.Previx + stem +suffix

• Reforestation,misinformation,cooperation.

Prefixes and suffixes

Prefixes usually change the meaning of the word. Suffixes

change the word from one part of speech to another.

Examples: to disconnect: “dis-“ as for un-. To disconnect an

Electrical appliance (melepaskan alat listrik) >< To

Connect an electrical appliance (menyambungkan

alat listrik).

Electricity: ‘-ity’ change electric (adjective) to the

Noun.

Electricity (listrik) dari kata dasar (stem) electric

(yang berhubungan dengan listrik).

PREFIXATION

Prefix Meaning Added to example

Un- the opposite of Adjctives unfair

Non- Not Various classes Non-smoker

In- As for un- Adjective Insane

de- To reverse action Verbs Deforest

dis- To reverse action Verbs,etc Disconnect

Mis- Wrongly Particip les,etc Misleading

Super- Above Nouns,etc Superpower

Out- To do something faster Verbs(intr) Outrun

Sur- Over and above Nouns Surface

Sub- Lower than Adjectives Substandard

Over- Too much Verbs,etc Overeat

Under- Too tittle Verbs,etc Undercut

Hyper- Extremely Adjectives Hypercritical

Ultra- Extremely Adjectives Ultra-violet

Mini- Little Nouns Miniskirt

Co- With,joint Verbs,etc Cooperate

Counter- In opposition to Verbs,etc Counteract

Anti- Against Nouns,etc Anti-colonialism

Pro- On the side of Nous,etc Pro-democratic

Inter- Between Nouns,etc Inter department

Trans- Across Verbs,etc Transplant

Fore- Before Nouns,etc Forefather

Pre- Before Nouns,etc Pre-war

Post After Adjective,etc Post-war

Ex- Former Nouns Ex-husband

Re- Angain Verbs,etc rebuild

Contoh :

1.unfair = curang (tidak adil) it is unfair!

2.non-smoker = bukan peroko he is a non-smoker

3.insane = gila,sakit ingatan they become insane

4.deforest = menebang don’t deforest illegally.

5.disconnect = mencopot he disconnect an electrical appliance

6.misleading= menyesatkan she gives us misleading information.

7.superpower= adidaya the U.S.A. is a superpower

8.outrun = berlari lebih cepat dari he couldn’t outrunhis pursuers

9.surface = permukaan the miner returned to the surface.

10.substandard = tidak memenuhi syarat they produced substandard goods

11.overeat = makan terlalu banyak don’t do overeatin!

12.undercut = mengobral the merchants underscut all goods.

13.hypercritical = sangat suka mengeritik he is a hypercritical man.

14.ultra-violet = lembayung-ultra the sun radiates ultra-violet rays.

15.miniskirt = rok mini A little girls wears a miniskirt.

16.cooperate = bekerja sama you sould cooperate with me in this matter.

17.counteract = meniadakan they counter evil

18.anti-colonialism = anti penjajahan we are anti-colonialism people

19.pro-democratic = pendudung pantai democrat they are pro-democratic.

20.inter department = antar departemen it is a system of inter department.

21.transplant = pecangkokan heart transplant is very expesive.

22.forefather = nenek moyang his forefather was fisherman.

23.pre-war = sebelum perang he was bron in the pre-war era.

24.post-war = pasca perang the peace comes after the post-war.

25.ex-husband = mantan suami he is he ex-husband.

26.rebuild = membangun kembali let’s rebuild the ruins.

SUFFIXATION

Suffix Added….to form

…. Meaning Example

-eer Nouns pers.nouns

An occupation Engineer

-let nouns nouns

small Booklet

-ess nouns nouns

Female waitress

-hood nouns abstr. nouns

status Boyhood

-ship nouns nouns

condition dictatorship

-dom nouns nouns

domain Kingdom

-(e)ry nouns nouns

Behavior Slavery

-ite nouns nouns

Member of community Socialite

-(i)an Nouns nouns

Pertaining to Indonesian

-ese nouns nouns

Nationality Chinese

-ist Nouns pers.nouns

Member of a party Socialite

-ism Nouns abstr.nouns

Attitude Idealism

-er Verbs nouns

Instrumental Receiver

-or Verbs nouns

Agetive Actor

-ant Verbs nouns

Agetive Inhabitant

-ee Verbs nouns

Possive Employee

-ation Verbs nouns

State,action Exploration

-ment Verbs nouns

State Depelopment

-al Verbs nouns

Action Refusal

-ing Verbs concrt.nouns

Result of activity Building

-age Verbs nouns

Activity Drainage

-ness adj. abstr.nouns

Quality Happiness

-ity adj. abstr.nouns

Quality Electricity

-ify Adj. verbs

Causative Simplify

-ize Adj. verbs

Causative Popularize

-en Adj. verbs

Causative Deafen

-ful nouns adjectives

Having Useful

-less nouns adjectives

Without Childless

-like nouns adjectives

Having the qualities of Childlike

-y nouns adjectives

Like….. Creamy

-able Verbs adjectives

Able Readable

-ish Adj. adjectives

Somewhat Youngish

-ly Adj. adverb

In a manner Strangely

Ward(s) Nouns adverb

Direction Backward(s)

-wise nouns adverb

In the manner of crabwise

Contoh :

1.engineer = insinyur he is an engineer

2.booklet = buku kecil;brosur,buklet we received a booklet yesterday.

3.waitress = pelayan wanita anita is an waitress in a restaurant.

4.boyhood = masa kanak-kanak my boyhood wa my nice exprecience

5.dictatorship = pemerintahan dikantor People dislike a dictatorship

6.kingdom = kerajaan A king lives in a kingdom.

7.slavery = perbudakan A slavery must be removed.

8.socialite = tokoh terkemuka he is one of famous socialite

9.indnesia = bangsa Indonesia I am Indonesian.

10.chinese = bangsa cina she is Chinese.

11.socialist = orang sosiais he is a socialist

12.idealism = idealisme they have a high idealism

13.receiver = pesawat penerima a receiver receives a massage

14.actor = pemain pri sandiwara /film he is famous actor.

15.inhabitant = penduduk let’s become good inhabitant.

16.employee = karyawan employess must obey the rules.

17.exploration = penjelajahan they will do a space exploration

18.development = pembangunan the development runs well.

19.refusal = penolakan he said a square refusal last week.

20.building = bangunan a bulding a built by a builer.

21.Drainage = pengaliran this city has a system of drainage.

22.happiness = kebahagiaan we connot buy a happiness

23.electricity = listrik modern life almost needs electricity.

24.simplify = menyederhanakan slmplify this spelling please.

25.popularize = mempopulerkan we should popularize our nation.

26.deafen = menulikan/memekakkan this sound deafens our ears.

27.useful = bermamfaat;berguna make yourself useful.

28.childlike = kanak-kanak she is adorable with her childlike ways.

29.creamy = seperti cream she like a creamy soup.

30.readable = dapat baca;menarik his writing is readable.

31.youngish = agak muda he is a youngish president.

32.strangely =dengan cara aneh a man disappears strangely.

33.backward (s) = memutar kembali I feel it is a backward step.

34.crabwise = berjalan meminggir he walks crabwise.